为了方面APP开发人员,服务端的接口都应当提供详尽的API说明。但每次有修改,既要维护代码,又要维护文档,一旦开发进度紧张,很容易导致代码与文档不一致。
Web API有一个Help Page插件,可以很方便的根据代码及注释自动生成相关API说明页面。示例DEMO下载:
Help Page安装步骤及扩展(以VS2015为例):
右键点击WebAPI项目的引用,选择"管理NuGet程序包"
在搜索框中输入 helppage进行搜索,结果如下图:
然后在右侧边栏点击安装按钮即可进行插件安装了。
安装完成后,你会发现项目下多了不少文件:
接下来,我们对Areas/HelpPage/App_Start/HelpPageConfig.cs进行改造。
改造前,我们需要先了解下HelpPageConfig.cs,其中的Register方法是用于注册Help Page页面需要展示的API的文档的。默认情况下,该方法只支持单个文档导入,所以我们需要扩展下。
我们创建一个可多文件注册的类:
- using System;
- using System.Linq;
- using System.Reflection;
- using System.Web.Http.Controllers;
- using System.Web.Http.Description;
- using WebApplication2.Areas.HelpPage.ModelDescriptions;
- namespace WebApplication2.Areas.HelpPage.App_Start
- {
- public class MultiXmlDocumentationProvider : IDocumentationProvider, IModelDocumentationProvider
- {
- private readonly XmlDocumentationProvider[] Providers;
- public MultiXmlDocumentationProvider(params string[] paths)
- {
- this.Providers = paths.Select(p => new XmlDocumentationProvider(p)).ToArray();
- }
- public string GetDocumentation(MemberInfo subject)
- {
- return this.GetFirstMatch(p => p.GetDocumentation(subject));
- }
- public string GetDocumentation(Type subject)
- {
- return this.GetFirstMatch(p => p.GetDocumentation(subject));
- }
- public string GetDocumentation(HttpControllerDescriptor subject)
- {
- return this.GetFirstMatch(p => p.GetDocumentation(subject));
- }
- public string GetDocumentation(HttpActionDescriptor subject)
- {
- return this.GetFirstMatch(p => p.GetDocumentation(subject));
- }
- public string GetDocumentation(HttpParameterDescriptor subject)
- {
- return this.GetFirstMatch(p => p.GetDocumentation(subject));
- }
- public string GetResponseDocumentation(HttpActionDescriptor subject)
- {
- return this.GetFirstMatch(p => p.GetDocumentation(subject));
- }
- private string GetFirstMatch(Func<XmlDocumentationProvider, string> expr)
- {
- return this.Providers
- .Select(expr)
- .FirstOrDefault(p => !String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(p));
- }
- }
- }
然后重写HelpPageConfig.cs文件中的代码如下:
- using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
- using System.Web;
- using System.Web.Http;
- using WebApplication2.Areas.HelpPage.App_Start;
- namespace WebApplication2.Areas.HelpPage
- {
- public static class HelpPageConfig
- {
- [SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Globalization", "CA1303:Do not pass literals as localized parameters",
- MessageId = "WebApplication2.Areas.HelpPage.TextSample.#ctor(System.String)",
- Justification = "End users may choose to merge this string with existing localized resources.")]
- [SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA2204:Literals should be spelled correctly",
- MessageId = "bsonspec",
- Justification = "Part of a URI.")]
- public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config)
- {
- config.SetDocumentationProvider(new MultiXmlDocumentationProvider(
- HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/bin/WebApplication2.XML")));
- }
- }
- }
这里要注意下WebApplication2.XML,这个文件是需要我们对相关项目属性进行设置下的,让其生成相关xml文件。
然后我们来创建一个Controller用于。
- using System.Web.Http;
- namespace WebApplication2.Controllers
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// 测试响应对象
- /// </summary>
- public struct TestResponse {
- /// <summary>
- /// 姓名
- /// </summary>
- public string Name;
- /// <summary>
- /// 年龄
- /// </summary>
- public int Age;
- }
- /// <summary>
- /// 测试
- /// </summary>
- public class TestController : ApiController
- {
- /// <summary>
- /// 测试接口
- /// </summary>
- /// <returns></returns>
- [HttpPost]
- [Route("api/300/1000")]
- public TestResponse JustTest()
- {
- return new TestResponse() { Name = "测试员", Age = 26 };
- }
- }
- }
因为创建的是Web API项目,所以这里还要修改下Global.asax,注册Area。
- using System.Web.Http;
- using System.Web.Mvc;
- namespace WebApplication2
- {
- public class WebApiApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication
- {
- protected void Application_Start()
- {
- AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
- GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register);
- }
- }
- }
接下来,编译运行调试起来,效果如下图。